Wednesday, July 31, 2019

An Introduction to Debt Policy and Value Essay

What remains to be seen however, is whether shareholders are better or worse off with more leverage. Problem 2 does not tell us, because there we computed total value of equity, and shareholders care about value per share. Ordinarily, total value will be a good proxy for what is happening to the price per share, but in the case of a relevering firm, that may not be true. Implicitly we assumed that, as our firm in problems 1-3 levered up, it was repurchasing stock on the open market (you will note that EBIT did not change, so management was clearly not investing the proceeds from the loans in cash-generating assets). We held EBIT constant so that we could see clearly the effect of financial changes without getting them mixed up in the effects of investments. The point is that, as the firm borrows and repurchases shares, the total value of equity may decline, but the price per share may rise. Now, solving for the price per share may seem impossible, because we are dealing with two unknowns—share price and change in the number of shares: Share price=Total market value of equity

Examine Sociological Theories Essay

Examine sociological theories that explain the ethnic dimension to crime and deviance (21 marks) Recent statistics show that black people are five times more likely to be in prison than whites. Ethnic groups are heavily over represented in prisons. Waddington et al investigated whether ethnic groups were targeted by the police and whether they were treated unfairly. Waddington et al concluded that these ethnic minorities were stopped and searched more because they were out on the street at the time. His research could be criticised because he only interviewed the police, he didn’t interview the groups that were treated by the police. This would result in the police possibly lieing and saying that they treat the black people just as equally as they treat white people. Phillips and Bowling would disagree with Waddington et al as they believe that the over policing of ethnic neighbourhoods creates resentment. After the death of Stephen Lawrence the McPherson report stated that poor black areas were over policed but under protected. This would again back up Phillips and Bowling and their theory of over policing in poor black areas. This angers the people in these poor areas because of the fact that the police are only targeting them for certain crimes such as drugs. The report states that they will randomly pick on a working class black male rather than someone else for a stop and search as they believe these people are more likely to be holding drugs. This leaves the rest of the people under protected because the police aren’t concentrating on other crimes such as robbery or assault. Skolnick believes that most police stereotype the young black male as being a typical offender. He says that these stereotypical beliefs come from the ‘canteen culture’ and it is this belief that backs up Phillips and Bowling, as they would say that this belief would lead to the over policing in the poor black areas. Drabble investigated whether black people were treated unfairly in the courts. He found that blacks were more likely to be charged with more serious forms of offence than whites, whites were more likely to be cautioned whereas blacks were more likely to be prosecuted. This is evidence of institutional racism mentioned in the McPherson report. Hood found that black people were more like to receive custodial sentences even though other punishments such as fines and community service were available alternatives. Fitzgerald researched ethnic minority street crime in London. He interviewed young ethnic minority offenders and their mothers and found that the higher the levels of deprivation in an area, the higher the levels of crime. It is a statistic that Afro Caribbean households are more likely to be headed by lone parent families, which then results in higher crime in the family. This links in with Charles Murray who said that lone parent families would result in higher chances of failure at score and therefore higher chances of them turning to crime. It also links in with left realism and Jock Young and John Lea’s theory of relative deprivation. They say that people commit crime when they feel deprived, the media stresses the importance of economic goods and some will turn to crime to get these goods. They also say marginalisation is a reason for the increase in crime because of young black men are made to feel on the edge of society with nobody to stand up for them, this causes frustration and resentment which leads to crime being committed. These reasons then cause an increase in subcultures or gangs and therefore an increase in crime. All of these researchers could be criticised as they reinforce stereotypes of the young black male as well as not looking at white, middle class crime. This would then link in with Marxism and the fact that the upper class are being treated more fairly with crime they commit than the lower class.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Principals of instructional design Essay

Organizational strategy is concerned with vision goals and objectives of an organization. The task of an organization design is to look at the state of the business and to plan strategies organization that meets its needs. Managers of different organizations and companies should warm up to the advancing machinery analyze the situations of their organizations and see how the advancing technology would be of help when planning their strategy and making radical design changes to the organization. When creating a road map for the firm or company, the designer should put into consideration the vision of the company. Therefore, the plan that the designer comes up with should be in line with the vision of the organization. Other factors that the designers or managers of a company should think of before laying out a plan to change the organization and its structure are long term and short-term objectives of the organization and its goals (Brently, 2003). A goal is a general statement that is used to refer to the targets and aspirations that a company has and aims to accomplish. For these goals to be accomplished, determination and dedication to the work the employees do is highly recommended. My learning intervention is primarily about competence in the field of business. Competence has not been highly displayed in the business market and the intervention will be expected to instill real professionalism in these students once they graduate and are ready to venture into business. When the management of an organization decides to design strategies for their organizational it does not mean that, the organization was not strategized in the first place. It means that there is need to adjust to the changes that are happening daily in the global market. Starting the process of engineering again is all about main reformations of the organizations activities. It’s done to expand its structure when it comes to expenses incurred , the time the organization spends and how it meets the needs of the customers Repeated engineering of an organization means that the organization has to be redesigned from the beginning. The redesigning process starts with the most important processes. This saves a lot of time and costs that would have been incurred in the whole process compared to laying strategies when it is in its current structure. This will mean that major changes that are not very essential will have to be made which is far more expensive If a company had no existing departments, jobs and protocol, reengineering will involve design of an effective strategy that meets the objectives and accomplishes its goals. The process of reengineering begins when the designer’s are determined and put into consideration the needs of the customers. The company knows what is expected from it and develops a line up to cater for the clients or customers. Top management can create a competent team of people to design an organizational system that will achieve the laid strategy. Rethinking the organization is another factor to be considered. This is a process of Restructuring of the organization. Internal units under the management will be free to interrelate with each other and with the ecological forces. Some organizations display the traits of this management approach to organization design (Rodney, 1998). Managers in a global environment should consider what they have and do not have in common with other firms as well as the structural features of multinational organizations. More firms have made contact with the international arena and have found it essential to rethink the styles they came up with to help them adjust handle the cultural diversity for example, once a company has achieved a reasonable contact globally, it establishes an intercontinental distribution and this distribution is at the same organizational level as other major functional divisions. Learners will get to comprehend why technological and environmental changes are important in business and the effects that they have. They will be given insight on why changes in IT are happening so fast and extensively embraced. This will explain the reason why the relationship between the employees, allotment of information and harmonization of tasks need to be reviewed almost every day. Learners will understand why it is important to establish contacts and have good relation with the customers at the preliminary stage. They get to know how productivity is seen through involvement of people. Staying in touch with the customers is essential since it gives the designers ideas on what to consider as they design the strategies for a particular firm or organization. Learners will identify and explain dominant themes of current design strategies and their approaches. eg, universal approaches and contingency approaches. This is necessary because it helps the managers identify the best approach to use for their organization. The learner will explain how an organization is a system that is open and structured to incorporate two essential subsystems. The systems can be identified as the social and the technical subsystem (Maslow, 1998). Organizations are expected to lay strategies that take care of those in authority; they should also give an update of the relationships around the employees. The strategies are also supposed to cater for the training of interns and those already employed inspection, rewards and punishments. Learners will know what the task of management, which is to observe the environment and issue directions or orders on structures, rules and procedures. When teaching organizational strategies, a content outline and unit plan should be created. The content outline contains the topics that the tutor is supposed to cover in the entire course for example a topic on instructional design (Brently, 2003). The tutor explains the contents of the topic as an introduction at the beginning of the topic. This gives the learner an idea of what to expect in the course duration. The tutor assigns duration of time to each of the topics he intends to cover by the end of the course. He might decide to assign 4 weeks to the topic Principals of instructional design. He has estimated that by the end of the 4 weeks, the topic should have been completed and another one began. The relevance of the intervention and instruction is to help learners describe the general nature and extent of business and how global competition affects business operations and in general how to design strategies for the company or organization in order for the business to flourish. The intervention helps the students become competent in their different business fields. Therefore, the topics identified above all serve the purpose of instilling the relevant information for the intervention. The tutor is required to design a unit plan. It contains topics that will be taught, for example organizational design strategies. He should still give an introduction of the topic to the students (Maslow, 1998). The plan also contains time duration that each topic need to be completed. Again, it is an estimate and sometimes it extends but the tutor should try to keep time. It also contains room set up. That is the environment that the learning should take place in and its condition. The tutor should also identify the method of interaction. For example he might decide on small group discussions to give room for different opinions or to conduct a case study. The students can be asked to choose the people they want to work with. The materials for research or teaching are also included in the unit plan (Rodney, 1998). The materials could be slide’s, internet, resource books or journals. The teacher identifies the materials or media the students should use for a particular topic. The learning outcomes are not exceptional in a unit plan. This helps the tutor know if the objectives of the intervention have been accomplished. The tutor will explain if the topic teaches verbal, cognitive strategies, intellectual skills or attitude. For example, the topic Organizational strategies teach cognitive strategies and intellectual skills. With organizational designs in future (Brently, 2003). Taxononomy level is also included. The tutor states what domain the topic falls in. Cognitive, affective or psychomotor domain. A topic like steps to designing an organizational strategy falls in the affective domain. It involves making goals and attaining them. The tutor should include in the plan his plans for assessment. This may be a comprehensive evaluation at the end of the course. This provides the tutor with information on the effort put in the instruction and if the students achieved what they were supposed to achieve at the end of the course. The plan will have the main objective of the study, which in this case is to be competent in the business world.

Monday, July 29, 2019

London 2012 Olympic Games Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

London 2012 Olympic Games - Case Study Example Therefore, there are vital lessons to be learnt from the previous events. This is especially true regarding the costs and failures of the events. Nevertheless, the organization faces several challenges. There are challenges in avoiding the repetition of previous failures observed in Beijing and Sydney Olympics. The previous Olympics gained negative acclaims relating to their ineffective consideration for the fans. In Sydney, the tickets were pricy; therefore, the local population was largely uninvolved. In Beijing, the authorities priced the tickets incredibly low, making the locals buy the tickets with no intention of attending. This presented the challenge of empty seats. This presents the challenge of involving the whole nation in the games. However, since this problem is not in isolation, the committee has to factor in the challenge of revenues from the tickets. This means extremely low prices are not an option in involving the nation. Another problem relating with the fans is the choice of funs. The committee bears the challenge of improving the energy of the games through having knowledgeable funs in the stadia. This is an immense challenge since it is impossible to restrict access to tickets to such fans. The other challenge is in controlling the attendance of the fans, to avoid oversubscription in some and low attendance, in some games. The constraints in achieving the goals also include the short period the committee is in operation. Additionally, though the committee can lay potentially effective plans, some of the preparation depends on the city. For example, the construction of new facilities and upgrading of already existing infrastructure is dependent on cooperation from the city. The opportunities in overcoming the challenges lie, in such cases, in establishing amiable communication with other participating authorities. To be able to involve the whole nation, the committee may chose to establish competitions and lotteries based on

Sunday, July 28, 2019

HYPNOTHERAPY & NEURO LINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING Essay

HYPNOTHERAPY & NEURO LINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING - Essay Example When a person actually realizes where he wants to be in life, his dream will come true. Pillar three is about behaviour flexibility. To achieve an outcome, the person behaves in a certain manner. If this behavior pattern is nonproductive, it should be changed. This adaptability of the behaviour enhances the chances of the person to accomplish the desired results. Neurological levels help to understand the overall process of personal change issues. It identifies the best time and the best place to make necessary changes in a person which enables him to achieve success. The idea of capability focuses on talents, skills, resources, strategies and abilities that guide our behaviour and enables us to take the required action. The capabilities should be analysed properly so that we can deliberately make use of it whenever required. The values and beliefs in our lives influence the way that we act and think. If we think negatively about our performance of certain activity, we are bound to fell. If we develop the required skills, self-confidence will increase. This will have a positive impact on the perceived belief and will make necessary changes in limited beliefs. Making a change in one neurological level impacts overall neurological hierocracy in shape or form. For example if we join a group who gossips about our close friend, we will feel guilty. Our behaviour will contradict our personal value system concerning respect and integrity. This will down our character as a person from our own perspective. . The ‘map’ is referred to our mind or a person’s perception while; the ‘territory’ is about the impression of external fact or reality. However, this perception of external reality is only one possible interpretation. NLP does not view a person as defective or wrong. If the person is not good at one activity, they may be worthwhile at getting lost or discovering alternative routes to follow. NLP focuses on positive self-worth of

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Abortion Survivor Stories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Abortion Survivor Stories - Essay Example The most dominating risks include damage to mother’s fertility in future and increased chance for maternal mortality (Paxson 125). Usually women prefer medical abortion as more natural or safe process but statistics entail a considerable number of cases that face abortion failures and the most common after-effects of medical abortion include heavy bleeding, Thrombosis, infection and even death, similarly, surgical abortion may lead to anesthetic complications, hemorrhage in addition to infection and death. The most prominent complications that cause abortion failures include perforation of the uterus and cervical lacerations (Abortion Clinics). An abortion success may eradicate mother from unwanted pregnancy, may release her from the pain of labour and all painful period, but abortion failure; on the other hand, may lead to increased risks and damages to health and life of both, mother and the child (Abortion Clinics). 1. Melissa Ohden is an abortion survivor who was born under very bad circumstances back in 1977. Her mother decided to abort her child when she was seven months pregnant, as she was not content with this pregnancy. Melissa was thought to be aborted with the help of saline abortion where a saline solution surrounds the fetus eventually causing burning and thus killing of fetus. However, Melissa survived due to ineffectiveness of this saline abortion in immediate time. As saline abortion requires quite long periods of time to get complete and therefore, Melissa was lucky enough to live and grow. Finding, Melissa was still surviving in the womb, the mother decided to throw her out after her birth. So, Melissa was put in the garbage where a nurse found her crying and therefore saved her life. Melissa now holds a Master’s degree in social working. She gave birth to her own child in 2008, in the very same hospital where her mother has tried to abort her once. She is livng a happy a nd content life and raising

Friday, July 26, 2019

Global Versus Domestic only Mergers and Acquisitions Essay

Global Versus Domestic only Mergers and Acquisitions - Essay Example The strategy of Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) plays an important role to both sides of the growth path by enabling strong companies to assume faster growth than their competition thereby rewarding entrepreneurs for their efforts and ensuring the weaker companies get swallowed faster and even made redundant through share erosion and exclusion. M&A, therefore, is a crucial fraction of any healthy economy by basically ensuring that shareholders are able to gain rewards from their businesses (Thomson & Martin, 2005). This fact, coalesced with the potential for large returns makes M&A a highly attractive method for entrepreneurs and business owners to capitalize on their company values. It is, therefore, no wonder that the unique business trend of M&A has, in the recent times, become a common occurrence in the business world between firms seeking to achieve strategic value for themselves. M&A deals always make media headlines probably due to the huge amounts of cash that some of them entail, sometimes involving billions of US dollars which may exceed the GDP of some small countries. The main reason for their occurrence is to boost the shareholder value of both firms and this is also used as a performance measure to gauge the success of M&A (Galpin & Herndon, 2007). M&A is used as a survival tactic during tough economic times and in most cases involves strong companies buying out smaller ones to create more cost-efficient, competitive companies. M&A can either take place between firms operating within a country’s borders (domestic M&A) or beyond a particular country’s boundaries (global M&A). This article will provide a general overview of merger and acquisitions and then compare and contrast the domestic and global M&A using a few case studies (Aoki, Jackson & Miyajima, 2007).

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Student and falcuty issue Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Student and falcuty issue - Scholarship Essay Example As the world continues to progress medically, the need for competent nurses continues to rise. Over the past few years, the role of nurses in a health care system has changed significantly due to new biomedical discoveries and the development of technologically advanced medical machines. Furthermore, the changes in the patterns of health care services have increased the demand of highly qualified and competent nurses. The specific roles performed by nurses can never be fully described as they are not only complex but are equally diverse as well. In modern society, nurses provide palliative care by direct contact, computer, phone, and also across state lines. Therefore, nurses need to be highly educated to cope with diverse work environment pressures and challenges. (Benner et al 2010). Education Crisis: Today, most industrialized and medically advanced nations face a shortage of highly qualified and competent nurses. ... Vast difficult curriculum coupled with improperly trained faculty has resulted in a drastic decrease in the number of competent nurses available to provide palliative and other associated services in various health care settings. (Benner et al 2010). Due to the ineffectiveness of teaching programs, the profession of nursing continues to struggle to develop the skills and attributes needed to cope with modern day medical challenges. The advanced practice role on the delivery of palliative health care has a potential impact on the stability of a nation which is why the expanding role of nurses requires effective training programs. There are various reasons which are responsible for the ineffectiveness of nursing teaching programs; some of the major reasons are analyzed in this paper along with their antecedents, current status, and future implications. The paper also makes recommendations about what needs to be done in order to train nurses in an effort to effectively mold them to cope with the challenging and dynamic medical environment. One of the major reasons leading to ineffectiveness of nursing teaching programs is the shortage of highly qualified teaching staff. The shortage of qualified faculty has posed tremendous problems for nursing schools. The lack of substantial federal funding is the underlying reason for the shortage of effective teacher training programs which have inevitably been responsible for ineffective nursing training programs. Even forty years after the approval of The Nursing Act of 1964, federal funding still suffers great fluctuations. (Benner et al 2010). The lack of steady federal funding has led to the influx of relatively under educated

Consumer Behaviour and Retail Marketing Strategy Essay

Consumer Behaviour and Retail Marketing Strategy - Essay Example Consumer behaviour refers to the overall attitude, preference, intention as well as the decision made by a consumer concerning the purchase of products or services in the market. The study of consumer behaviour aims at establishing the path that consumers follow in arriving at the decision to buy or not to buy a particular product from a range of similar products available in the market (Strack, Werth & Deutsch 2006). This knowledge is very important for any marketer in formulating the marketing strategy of his products and be able to predict what will happen in the future especially in a market environment chareacterised by stiff competition. This research will first demonstrate a clear understanding of consumer buying process and then propose a retail marketing strategy based on the theories of consumer behaviour. There are various factors that influence the decision making process of consumers ranging from internal, external, individual as well as environmental. However, these factors generally fall into three major classes; sociological, behavioural and economic factors (Strack, Werth & Deutsch 2006). It is very vital for any marketer to have a good knowledge of all these determinants to be able to predict the performance of his products in the market before introduction. Therefore, the best marketing strategy will come after a good understanding of the factors that influence consumers to buy, since the marketer will then know whether his products possess the characteristics that will influence consumers to buy his products or not. This refers to the influence of the members of the family, influence from group references and leaders opinions, influence from the social class as well as the culture of the people on the buying behaviour of consumers (Moutinho 1987). It is common knowledge that in every family there is the idea of specialisation and every family

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Intro to criminal justice Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Intro to criminal justice - Coursework Example The Exclusionary rule prevents the government from using evidence obtained in a violation of the constitution of the United States. This applies to evidence gained from illegal search and seizure. Furthermore, the court may not apply the rule to exclude illegally acquired evidence where the cost of exclusion outweighs the deterrent benefits. An example is Herring Vs United States of 2009 in which officers in a coffee county arrested petitioner Herring based on a warrant listed in the neighboring Dale county database. A search carried out by the police yielded drugs and gun. However it was later revealed that the warrant had been recalled several months earlier. There is also the case of Arizona VS Evans of 1995. The other cases include Weeks Vs United States in which the Supreme Court unanimously held that the seizure of items without warrant from a private residence is a violation of the constitution. There is as well the case of Davis Vs United States of 2011, the Escobedo Vs Illinois and finally the case of Mapp Vs Ohio of 1961. It referrers to a situation where a police officer who is suspicious of an individual temporarily detains the person and moves his hands lightly over the suspects outer clothing to find out if the person is carrying a concealed weapon. If the police officer feels something that seems to be weapon, the police may then reach inside the victims clothing. Some of the cases that have been associated with stop and frisk in the Supreme Court are include the case of Terry Vs Ohio of the 1968. The case came up when a police officer observed three individuals engaging in a conduct suggestive of robbery. He approached them patted one of them and got a gun. Other cases include the United States Vs Place of 1983, United States Vs Montoya de Hernandez of 1985 and Michigan Vs Chesternut of 1991. Motor vehicle search may only be done under some narrowed circumstances. For example only after the

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Developmental Geography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Developmental Geography - Essay Example There is only one option for banking in China, the state-run, bureaucratic system. This monopoly system does not allow for anyone but the already wealthy to borrow from their coffers. This banking system shows the state's disinterest in developing the poorer areas of the country by their investment in only the wealthy segments of the country (Qinglian). 3. Individual debt ties in to the choice for second place among the factors slowing down the further development of China. With the only banks as state-run institutions that are disinterested in assisting customers in the rural areas of the country, they are effectively keeping those citizens in poorer circumstances. The vast national debt of the country is also a cause for major concern. China is trillions of yuan in debt and continues to borrow from other countries, allowing companies in Switzerland, the United States, and others to become predominant fixtures in the Asian country (Qinglian). International companies see the debt of Chinese owned companies as a way to move into the financial market in Asia. International companies are slowly taking over the Chinese market. 4. ... The Chinese government keeps those areas at bay by not allowing for much developmental growth by keeping the families that are already residents in their place and by also not allowing an influx of funds to these rural areas that would assist in economic growth and the further development of the country. 5. The political instability in China stems from the large amount of international interest in the country. Many of the corporations taking root in the cities are not Chinese-based organizations, allowing for the westernization of these areas of the country. In an effort to compensate for this, the Chinese government is keeping their traditional regulations in place over the rural segments of the country, even though they have de-regulated the cities which have received the highest international attention (Yao). In this way, the Chinese government is fighting international corporations for control over their own country. 6. China is seeing a large amount internationalization not only of the companies decorating the concrete landscape of the cities, but also in their export products. Many international companies outsource manufacturing work to China because of cheap labor. The export industry is a major force in the Chinese economy. The major exports of the country lie in the technology manufactured in China and sent to other parts of the world, including cell phones, computers, and other various electronic paraphernalia (Workman). Export is a main source of revenue for the country which causes financial problems for China with the current global economic slowdown. Section B: 1. Export growth has given the development of China a

Monday, July 22, 2019

Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay Example for Free

Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay Shelley wanted the audience in this scene to feel greater sympathy for the monster as he is turned away yet again by mankind because he is simply judged too quickly because of his appearance. Branagh remains true to Shelleys intentions in this scene by making the monster appear heartbroken. Cries echo through the forest, he runs with a limp through the forest away from the house and collapses on the ground as soon as he thinks he is out of sight from the family. These things were very good for building up sympathy for the monster. This scene is also where we see the monster beginning to change. He goes back to the house and sees that the family have fled their home, this makes the monster so angry and upset that he sets fire to the cottage and swears that he will have revenge on the man who made him, so he reads the journal left in his jacket and goes to Geneva to get his revenge on Frankenstein. Branagh made this part of his film very dramatic by using very fast powerful music against the roaring of flames and black smoke that engulfed the cottage and the monster stood in front of the cottage looking fiercely at the flames with a look of anger in his eyes. This is good because it shows that the emotions and feelings which the monster has been hiding are all being forced out of him because he is determined to find answers to all the questions he has about his life and this is exactly how Shelley intended this scene to look as the monster suddenly realises his purpose of life is an experiment. When the monster kills William and sets up Justine Branagh managed to plan this very well because Shelley wanted the monster to kill the little brother and also be able to plant it on Justine without losing sympathy from the audience for the monster and Branagh is able to do this by not actually showing the monster killing William. In the next scene the monster and Frankenstein meet in the mountains, the monster has his chance to get his answers from the man who made him. The monster comes across as being very certain of his knowledge and his feelings. This appears to scare Frankenstein because he doesnt actually know why he did something so evil and didnt realise the greatness of the pain he had caused. Shelley wanted this conversation between the monster and Frankenstein to make the audience judge the monster as the good guy and Frankenstein as the bad guy. Branagh does this by making the monster talk and ask a lot more questions than Frankenstein. Frankenstein has a look of shock on his face throughout the conversation but the monster looks very certain and meaningful of everything he says to Victor, again making the monster seem superior to Frankenstein. Shelley wanted the audience to feel that the monster only did certain evil things because he was given emotions and senses but not shown how to use them and Branagh fits that into the film by the monster asking Victor Why he made him and brought him into the world to live and so very quickly and then left him to die. Shelley believed that no child should be bought into the world without being loved by parents; Branagh shows this belief of Shelleys by building up a father and son relationship and shows the father-like character abandoning an innocent child-like character. The monster asks one thing of Frankenstein and that is to have a bride that will look as ugly as him so that she would accept him for whom he is and vows that they will never be seen again. This again shows the maturity and sense of the monster. Frankenstein grants him this and promises he will have his bride. Frankenstein doesnt keep his promise and returns home to marry his bride and travel away with armed men on their wedding night so they will have protection if the monster does come to kill them which he promised he would if he did not get his bride. It is a dark and stormy night and raining very heavily which makes it very hard to see through the dark night, Frankenstein goes outside because he thinks he hears the monsters pipe playing and leaves Elizabeth on her own, quiet slow music start to play but it starts to get faster and louder which says to the viewer that the monster is close by, which he is because he climbs through the window and punches Elizabeth in the chest and pulls her heart out, spraying blood everywhere making a very gruesome sound and very nasty to look at. Frankenstein refuses to accept the death of his new bride so he takes her back to his laboratory and starts cutting up Justines body and stitching parts of her and Elizabeth together and revives her so once again we see all the gory bits of limbs being cut up and sewn together, as Elizabeth awakens she realises what Victor has done to her as the monster comes into the laboratory and mistakes her for his bride which victor had promised her, she becomes so angry and upset with the fact that she has been part of Victor playing God she sets herself on fire and runs through the house alighting everything. This scene is again highly over exaggerated, as it is very gory and horrifically unnecessary to the viewer. As Walton and his crew come to burn Frankensteins body the monster emerges from the distance and is offered by Walton to come with them, this being his first offering of acceptance to mankind, the monster says he was my father and decides to set himself alight upon Frankensteins body so that they burnt together. I think Branagh managed to remain true to most of Shelleys intentions of Frankenstein by portraying the monsters character as a very innocent, childlike character linking it all in very well with Shelleys beliefs she had before and whilst writing Frankenstein. Branagh definitely pandered to the accepted stereotype of the horror genre by showing a lot of close-ups of quite disturbing images and very horrific noises that went with the images that a book cant do. Branagh also used a very wide range of music that managed to fit into all the horrific parts of his film very well. Charlotte Tufnell 10M Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Wireless Data Entry System Analysis

Wireless Data Entry System Analysis Grand Wine Limited is a dealer to supply various types of Wine through sales representatives around 400 independent wine and liquor store in the state. Through sales representatives they collect data and information about the requirement of delivery of Wines to the customers by shipment. Device which is able to store data or pass the data wireless to remote server is wireless data entry device. This is a very popular device in todays market for data entry system. In the market there are various wireless data entry devices available but we have to select such particular device which is affordable as well as can cover our task requirement. Since our sales representatives are suffering some problems with data transferring from client to our head office which is taking time and more effort, we are going to implement a wireless data entry system so that with out loosing time and loosing any data out representatives can contact to head office easily. For this process we require a remote server located in our head office and wireless data entry device for each representative so that they can connect to companys central database in Sydney. Sales representatives can collect data from various retailers in Sydney and pass the data to server in no time so that it saves time, eff ort, travelling cost as well. Through this process there is very less chance of data loss because data storage system by humans can create human errors but this system directly stores data in device as well as server. Sales representatives can double their work as they dont have to come back and through to store data and send sent it to central data base. In fact it will reduce cost by reducing faxing and phone call which can be benefited to company for long term. 1.2.2 Wireless data entry system and its function As we know the term wireless means with out use of wire, so wireless data entry system will utilize wireless technology to receive and send data from server. As per networking principle we will be using a remote server which will be located in the company central data base office Sydney. Each sales representative will be provided with each particular wireless data entry device to perform their task. We will be using a device called SPT 1800 as our wireless data entry device. SPT 1800 is a portable wireless device which uses palm operating system. It has got wireless WAN, Bluetooth and WWAN functions to connect to server. As it has barcode reader capacity also representatives can easily find the details of product by scanning and sending to server so it minimises the data loss or error. Being a portable device staffs can collect data in any place and any time and send it to main server in Sydney. 1.3 Justification- Wireless Data entry system and important features for Grand Wines Limited- The wireless data entry system implementation on Grand Wines Limited can be very beneficial in various aspects. When wires data entry system is used first thing is company can cut few staff that was doing processing of data to and fro by fax, email, and phone or by post. There will be no time delay to send data from representatives to company office do start the business. Company can save huge amount of money on use of fax and post as well. When wireless technology is implemented there is no more need to fax the data or email data or post data. In other hand the time frame of data transfer is also slow with current system thats why company is not able to do proper business. There is wastage of time between a representative send data to Company office and they again respond back. In fact when a store is running out of particular type of Wine today, the representative can collect data and send to Central office so it takes some time or day so that company gets order and place shipment of product. In this way company is delaying its delivery. But with wireless data entry system a representative can contact or send required data to Central database system so it takes no time to implement the work in time. So it seems more effective and profitable for Grand Wines Limited in overall view. 2. Business case study for Grand Wine Limited in wireless data entry system project- Grand Wine Limited has realised various demerits of recent data entry system which directly or indirectly caused loos to company. As the management of this company decided to change the recent data entry system with new market demand, they have planned to implement wireless data entry system in the company. 20 sales representatives, who are collecting various data like stock needed from various retailers, can send the data instantly to Sydney based head office so company can do delivery quicker. So company can go ahead with other business competitors as well increase their business more. 2.1 Business Objectives- For Grand Wine Limited the implementation of this wireless data entry system will ultimately leads to business growth and profit. This technology will decrease the delay time for the stock delivery to retailers so company can cope with market demand properly without loosing customers. 2.2 SWOT Analysis- 2.2.1 Strength: As the delay in delivery time will be reduced from company to retailers, this technology will directly increase the sales and make customer happy. All sales representatives can communicate to company for stock delivery, stock available and other important data in no time so it can save company other cost like faxing, telephone, etc using wireless technology. 2.2.2 Weakness- Use of wireless system may reduce the directly contact of sales representatives to Main Delivery Office like phone and fax which can be cause for some misunderstanding between deliveries. In the time of network error there might be problem for transferring data, which can lead to loss of some data as well as delay in delivery. 2.2.3 Opportunities- Implementation of this wireless system will save the time of sales representatives to go and through the received data in-order to send the data to Central Office for implementation. So that sales representatives can go and collect more data in same time and process the data to Company. And also Sales representatives can know when the stock is arriving or any further details needed to be collected which can save lots of time as well as money for like transportation and communication. They can process data 24/7 so there is very less chance to be delayed for stock delivery. 2.2.4 Threats- Company might need to hire a server supervisor which can increase company cost. As there is no physically contact between sales representatives between companies after implementing wireless system every data will be transferred by wireless technology, so there is more threats that data errors may occur like sales representative may order certain item by mistake but still company will send the delivery which may cost extra for company. 3. Project Charter- Project title- Wireless data entry system Start date of project-01/01/2011 Finish date of project-01/06/1011 Budget- Available budget for project is $100,000 Project Manager- Om Ghimire, 0401782576, [emailprotected] Objective of the project- Wireless data entry system and its use in Grand Wine Limited is to decrease the loss of time between sending and receiving data from sales representatives (who collect data from various retailers) to head supply office for the required shipment of the needed product on time. This application can be effective in the incensement of orders because there is high risk of loss of data or chances of human error in old data entry system. Delivery speed, accuracy of order, available stock including satisfaction of customer can be main objective and out come of the project. There is high necessity of coping with other emerging companies for Grand Wine Limited by increasing its capacity and ability with advancement of technology use. Success Measures- . Project completes with in 01/06/2011 . Project completes with given budget that is $100,000 . Stake holder of this project is satisfied at the end of project . Increment of sales of Grand Wine Limited by implementation of this system .customer satisfied Roles- Approach- .Surveying about the use of remote data entry system .Develop software to check if the some information in data entry is missing .Analyse the appropriate pay back period of Grand Wine Limited with reduced cost. .Train customer service staffs about the use of remote data entry system and device. Sign-off- In this all above stakeholders should sign in the respected part in the table. Comments- As a project manager I will allocate all the resource available according to need of project, so I will need all staffs working as my guidelines. Om Ghimire Part B- Scope Management 1.1 preliminary scope statements- Title of project- wireless data entry system Date: 01/01/2011 Prepared by: Om Ghimire, PM, 0401782576, [emailprotected] Justification of project- The wireless data entry system implementation project for Grand Wine Limited will save lots of money and time of the company. After completion of this project the company will definitely increase its income or sales because the sales representatives will be able to order the required stock in shortest amount of time for delivery. The budget of this project that is $100,000 has least time of pay back period. Requirements: 1. Server- For the implementation of this project, the remote server is required in head office for data storage and transfer. 2. Application- For the use of server we might require data entry software or application in our server as well as data entry devices. 3. Hardware- As hardware we will need some computers as well as wireless data entry devices. 4.Security- As wireless technology is with high risk about security system, we need some security mechanism to monitor our system as well as data 5.Ulternate power supply and back up or disaster recovery plan- Computerized data entry system needs continuous power supply, so we need a alternate power supply incase of power failure and we need back up of data in case of system failure. Project Deliverables Deliverables related to Project management- business case study, project charter, contract, scope statement, work breakdown structure, scheduling, budgeting, presentation of final project, report for project, report of lessons-learned, including any other resources or documents required for project management. Deliverables related to Product: like hardware, software, research and reports, etc 1. research or survey- research or survey can help to acknowledge the features and contents of project 2. Resources- All necessary information on use of wireless device and wireless data entry system should be available for stakeholders. 3. Testing: Before the launch of the system testing of the system will help to identify the problems and bugs reported to system. 4. Analysis of various wireless data entry devices available in the market. 5. Expenditure on products: Wireless data entry system should invest around its half of budget available to products like device, software, etc. Project Success- Wireless Data Entry system project for Grand Wine Limited will be considered a successful project if the project is completed with $100,000 and with in 6 month that is before 01/16/2011 with the minimum pay back period that is with in 2 years. In the mean time if the project goes little longer or with little more budget and still the project outcome is good (good payback period) the project will be considered a successful project.

The Brewery Industry In Nigeria

The Brewery Industry In Nigeria The brewery industry belongs to the manufacturing sector under the Nigerian Stock Exchange (This Day, 2011). It dates back to over six decades with the birth of the pioneer company; Nigerian Breweries in 1949 with of star larger beer, followed by Guinness Nigeria in 1962 with Guinness stout. The major products in the brewery industry are beer, stout and non-alcoholic drinks (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011). For the purpose of this paper, beer will be used to connote lager and stout. The industry experienced a boom in the 1970s due to the fledging oil industry and rapidly increased from less than five n 1970 to over thirty by 1980 (Obot, 2000). The ownership of the firms in the industry are either public or state-owned with or without foreign partnership. There are challenges of high operational costs due to importation, expert-skilled labour, maintenance of machinery and equipments. These challenges have lead to the closure of quite a number of the smaller firms in the early 80s leaving only the large firms with strong financial base.. At present, there are thirteen brewery (Nigerian Custom Service, 2011) companies left with only four listed under the Nigerian Stock Exchange (This Day, 2011). The industry is at the maturity stage of its life cycle but still remains one of the striving industry in the Nigerian manufacturing sector. It has a direct employment of over 30,000 personnel and an indirect employment of over 300,000 thousand personnel as a result of the firms providing ancillary services to the industry (Equity Research report, 2006). Nigerian Breweries and Guinness Nigeria are the two major players in the industry with . Nigerian Breweries leading the market with about 65% market share while Guinness Nigeria follows with about 25%. They both enjoy economies of scale and have good return on their investment (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011). Analyses of Macro-environmental factors Every industry is affected by factors in the environment in which they operate. These factors which they have no direct control over, may either impact positively or negatively on the industry. The factors used for this analysis are Political, Economic, Social and Technology. Political The Nigerian political history after independence in 1960 has been characterized by a compendium of military and civilian governments. The military regimes had adversely affected the real sector, an example was the ban placed on importation of barley; the raw material for production of beer, by the military government of Buhari in 1987 (Porter Phillips-Howard, 1994). However the past twelve years of civilian government has witnessed relative stability in most parts of the country except for the restiveness in the Niger Delta region, which has dwindled the countrys crude oil revenue. It is expected that the on-going elections will successfully usher in a new civilian government that will further stabilize the polity and create an enabling environment that will attract foreign investors and stimulate the resuscitation of the real sector (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011). Economic Nigeria operates a mixed economy which encourages the co-existence of both the private sectors and the state in the market place. It is an emerging economy with potential economic power given the abundant resources. The countrys economy is well diversified along sectoral classification with the oil sector accounting for over 80% of its GDP, through crude oil export thereby making its revenue highly susceptible to the vagaries of the trends in the international market (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011). The economy is supported by a very resilient and strictly regulated financial system that has gone through several reforms within the past decade. While the exchange rate has been relatively stable in the past two years, interest rates have been closely regulated by the Central Bank of Nigeria while efforts to bring inflation rate below single digit has been elusive. Other factors that have contributed to the harsh economic climate in Nigeria are lack of power and inadequate infrastructure. The period between years 2000 and 2010 has witnessed the closure of more than 850 industries. However, with the trend of increase in the manufacturing GDP over the past years (i.e. 2008: 3.6%, 2009: 4.2%), it is expected that a stable terrain will continue to attract investors in years to come (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011). Social Nigeria with its population of about 150 million is a huge potential market for investors. The country is the second largest beer market in Africa after South Africa. South Africa with a population of 47.9million according to 2007 statistical data, has a beer consumption per capita of 50 hectolitres while Nigeria has 10 hectolitres per capita. Industry operators are of the view that the existing firms capacity are not enough to meet the demand of the market, and there is therefore room for expansion (Momoh, 2009). Nigeria is a diverse country with over 250 ethnic groups. The population of the country gives a religious spread of Muslims(50%), Christians(40%) and indigenous religions(10%). The Muslims and Pentecostal Christians do not indulge in beer consumption due to their religious beliefs (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011) The above notwithstanding, beer consumption remains a social activity in Nigeria and the sale of the commodity has continued to increase from year to year.. Technology The brewery industry is highly capital intensive. This accounts for the reason why the ownership structure is either public and/or state-owned with/without foreign partnership. The technology for the industry, spare parts and expert technicians are not available in country and therefore highly dependent on foreign exchange. Guinness for example has Diego of Ireland as its foreign partner (Trade Invest, 2009). The ban on importation of barley in 1987 necessitated the industry to settle for local substitute of maize and sorghum as raw materials for its production. The resultant plant conversion to accommodate the new raw material input-mix cost Nigerian Brewery a whopping sum of 100million naira! (Equity Research report, 2006). One of the major challenges facing the industry is the maintenance of equipments and machinery. The players commit huge financial resources in technology and upgrades in order to remain competitive (Equity Research report, 2006). Analysis of Industry Competitiveness using Porter Five Forces Industry competitiveness is said to determined by bargaining power of buyers, power of suppliers, threats of new competitors, threat of substitute products and rivalry among existing firms. The profitability of the industry is determined by these five Forces as they influence prices, costs and required investment (Porter, 1985). Bargaining Power of Buyers Buyers create demand in the market and their bargaining power would represent a strong competitive force if they have sufficient bargaining leverage to influence and obtain price concessions and other favourable terms and conditions of sale (Thompson et al, 2010). In the case of the brewery industry, consumers are scattered across specific regions in the country. Some states in the Northern part of Nigeria do not permit the sale of alcoholic beverages due to religious beliefs. The price elasticity demand for sales of brewery products is inelastic, an increase in price may not have a significant impact on demand. A decrease in consumer disposable income may have a small impact on demand, as buyers may go for cheaper brands or substitute products. The introduction of a new product into market that is not related to the brewery industry may compete with brewery products for consumer disposable income. The introduction of GSM service into the Nigerian market in 2003 created a serious competition for the brewery industry (Equity Research report, 2006). The industry has good distribution networks, in fact, they are the buyers in the industry as they control movement of the products from the producer to the retailers, and thus determine the price of the products to a certain extent. This unfortunately does not allow interaction between the producers and the consumers, however the players in the industry especially the two big players strive to maintain contact with their consumers by advertisements, promotion of events and also sponsorships of various programmes and activities (Jernigan Obot, 2006). Bargaining Power of Suppliers Suppliers in the industry include distributors of raw materials, components and finished products. Such components include bottles, crown corks, labels e.t.c. These services are outsourced because the Nigerian law does not permit the brewery firms to produce them (Equity Research report, 2006). There are more distributors and suppliers than existing brewery firms in existence. The raw materials and components being undifferentiated give the manufacturers the luxury to chose their suppliers at will (Equity Research report, 2006). Nigerian Breweries alone has about 147 distributors and wholesalers within the country (Famurewa Orekoya, 2008). However the distributors may pose a threat to the industry during industrial actions. Threat of new Entrants According to Porter, the threat of new entrants will affect the profitability of an industry (Porter, 1985) as the incumbents may be forced to lower their prices in order to discourage new entrants thereby reducing profitability. In the Nigerian Brewery industry, some factors which help to raise barrier to entry include capital requirements, legal costs, economies of scale, distribution networks (oppapers.com, 2011). Nigerian Breweries and Guinness both have foreign technical partners who provide the needed technical and financial assistance (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011). The other companies are mainly public or state owned and are localised within their region. There were no new entrant into the business, until 2009 when SABMiller a South African company came on stream with the acquisition of Peabody Breweries and Standard Breweries. SABMiller strategy in gaining part of the market share was to produce low cost beer for a segment of the market who could not afford the premium brand of the existing market. However Nigeria Breweries was already producing such through Consolidated Breweries one of its subsidiary (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011). Threat of Substitute The availability of substitute may impact an industrys profitability as consumers may decide to switch to a substitute product (Boeing et al, 2008). In Nigeria the consumption of traditional drinks such as burukutu, palm wine and ogogoro has a cultural affinity among consumers in the rural and urban areas. Other potential substitutes include alcoholic drinks such as wine, brandy, vodka and non alcoholic drinks such as malt, juice, soft and energy drinks. The alcoholic drinks are known to be consumed by a higher segment of the society (Jernigan Obot, 2006), while the non-alcoholic drinks are to target the non-beer consuming religious groups. Beer however remains the beverage of choice as some studies carried out have shown its predominant preference over other alcoholic beverages (Obot, 2000). Beer is known to account for 96% of alcoholic sales in Nigeria (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011). Intensity of Rivalry among existing firms This is a measure of the extent to which existing firms compete among each other for customers, this could be price and non-price based (Boeing et al, 2008). In the industry as mentioned earlier, competition is between the two major players, however there are no price wars as the products are differentiated and price differences are insignificant. The industry produces 22 brands of lager and 4 brands of stout besides other non-alcoholic drinks, Nigerian Breweries dominates the market in the larger (Star) segment while Guinness dominates the stout (Guinness) segment (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011). For non-priced based competition, the two companies compete on product innovations, such as packaging, branding and advertisements. Consumers have witnessed innovation of packaging from bottle to can and sip-it packs. Summary of Five Forces A summary of the five forces is hereby presented in the table below using key drivers and resultant effect on industry (Boeing et al, 2008). Table 1 Force Key drivers Effect Power of buyers Concentration is high, no bargaining leverage Low Power of suppliers Suppliers more than Producers Low Threat of substitute Increased growth in substitute industry High Threat of new Entrant High barrier to entry Low Intensity of rivalry Two major competitors Moderate Overall analysis Moderate SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis will be used to measure an organizations strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the industry on a four cell chart (Dibb et al, 2006). Figure 1 Strength Economies of scale Strong financial base Experience High staff turn-over Inflexible technology Cost Control Weakness Opportunity Technology Market growth Good distribution network Govt legislation Continued low margin Failure to capture mkt growth Threat (Dibbs et al, 2006) Recommendations With strength and opportunity, an organization in the industry can capitalize by expansion or acquisition of weaker firms. An organization with opportunity and internal weakness should watch the market slowly and formulate a strategy to build on its weakness. A weak organization facing threat should take the strategic turn-around required, by exiting the business or allow itself to be taken over by a bigger firm. An organization with strength but facing threat should use its strength to overcome its weakness (Dibb et al, 2006) Hirschmann Herfindahl Index (HHI) HHI is a measurement of the concentration of an industry. It is measured by squaring the sum of the market share within that industry . A HHI figure greater than 1800 imply an industry that is considerably concentrated (Boeing et al, 2008). Table 2 Company Revenue (2009)m Market share Market share^2 Nigerian Breweries $1,100 65% 4,225 Guinness Nigeria $ 587.7 25% 625 Others 10% 100 Total 4,950 (Corporate Nigeria, 2010/2011). The HHI measure gives a figure of 4,950 which shows a highly concentrated industry tending towards an oligopoly (Boeing et al, 2008). Conclusion The brewery industry has proved to be a sustainable business in Nigeria with over six (6) decades of operation and having survived years of unstable polity, economic downturns and different government policy and reforms. The industry has been consistently dominated by Nigerian Breweries and Guinness and is sadly tending towards oligopoly with the acquisition of five existing breweries by Nigerian Breweries (allAfrica.com, 2011). Nigeria is still considered one of the least penetrated beer market in the world in terms of its demographic population of over 150million (allAfrica.com, 2011). More investors are definitely welcome, however such investors will need to commit huge capital outlay to build plants or acquire existing firms and also create a strong distribution network in order to compete with the existing firms. Beer consumption is a win-win situation, Nigerians drink when they are happy and wish to celebrate, they also drink when they are sad or emotionally down. The brewery industry will therefore continue to enjoy a sustained growth in the country.

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Creating a Star Wars Lightsaber is not Possible Today :: physics science star wars weapon sword

The lightsaber is a weapon used in the Star Wars Galaxy. It is basically a saber/sword-like weapon that comprises of a hilt that contains a crystal which is used to focus beams of plasma into a tangible blade which has a finite length and is capable of cutting through a myriad of different materials. Its capacity to cut through material as well as the length of the actual blade of plasma can be altered and reconfigured to each individual's personal liking. The saber is powered through an internal rechargeable battery. No two lightsabers are alike because each individual build his own lightsaber(s) to his or her own liking. There are several parts to a lightsaber: * Handgrip * Activation Plate * Safety Switch * Emitter Matrix * Lens Assembly * Power Cell * Power Conduit * Recharge Socket Originally, lightsabers were built using crystals harvested manually an individually from the planets of Ruusan and Ilum. In the current universe however, processes for synthesizing crystals have become fairly common and several lightsabers are built using these synthetic crystals. The crystal is wired to the conduit and power cell such that the user can alter the length, width and intensity of the emitted blade. When the fully constructed lightsaber is activated, the internal power cell generates photo-electric energy by which the plasma blade is focused through the crystal. a non-thermal beam of plasma is packed tightly and focused through anywhere from 1 to 3 crystals with multiple facets. The formed beam is positively charged and is attracted back to the emitting hilt by way of negatively-charged high energy flux apertures. A power cell superconductor is then used to recycle individually emitted plasma packets into one long beam which continues to self regenerate during the time duration over which the lightsaber remains activated. The blade is tangible and because both blades on two dueling sabers are positively charged, the blades are capable of repelling one another. Ordinarily, the emission of the plasma blade for long durations of time would drain the power cell on the saber fairly quickly as was the case with older sabers from several millenia back in the past. However, through use of The Force, a Jedi is capable of combining all of the elements of his saber into one hightly efficient weapon such that the only major power drain occurs from the blade coming in contact with another material.

Friday, July 19, 2019

Segregation: The Processes of Inclusion and Exclusion Essay -- Sociolo

Race is an ambiguous concept possessed by individuals, and according to sociologists Michael Omi and Howard Winant, it is socially constructed. Race divides people into categories which causes needless cultural and social tensions. The concept of race also causes inclusion, exclusion, and segregation in U.S society. Both inclusion and exclusion tie together to create the overall process of segregation — one notion cannot occur without resulting in the others. Segregation is a form of separation in terms of race that includes the processes of inclusion and exclusion. Race was the main factor that caused conflicts among people in society in the realms of culture, education, and residential. Historians, sociologists, and other educators such as Macias, Kelley, Menchaca, Valencia, and Sugrue have researched the issue of segregation, how people use it to include and exclude others, as well as the consequences that followed. In the U.S society, Whites have fought to prevent interactions between them and Blacks throughout the centuries. One method of segregation that included inclusion and exclusion was through public housing — Whites reinforced means to drive Blacks out of their neighborhoods. In Thomas J. Sugrue's article, "Crabgrass-Roots Politics: Race, Rights, and the Reaction against Liberalism in the Urban North, 1940-1964," he addressed this issue of segregation in public housing for African-Americans. Whites in Detroit, Michigan were preventing the black population from "invading their enclaves." (65) The city of Detroit attracted many African-American migrants after World War II and those who sought upward mobility wanted better housing in primarily white sections of the city. Therefore racial tensions and segr... ... when people wanted to mix despite their races, authorities prevented them because of their races. Segregation with its processes of inclusion and exclusion existed in the cultural sphere even when people wanted to mix despite their races, but authorities prevented them because of that. People's beliefs in the superior and inferior races led to segregation that included and excluded people in U.S society. People disassociate with others because they have dissimilar interests and they look different. Races are biologically and genetically vary by nature but the activity of people physically distancing themselves because of their differences is what causes conflicts. When people engage in inclusion and exclusion in the process of segregation, that is when conflicts arise among them. It is when people start to believe in the superior races versus the inferior ones.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Hemingways the Old Man And The Sea: An Analysis :: essays research papers

Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea": An Analysis Everyone has an arch enemy. Batman had the Joker, Superman had Lex Luthor. But without their enemies, they would be unimportant, just like anyone else. One could say that they needed their enemies, that their enemies were almost friends. Similarly, The Old Man and the Sea, by Ernest Hemingway, is a love story about the relationship developed over the years between a man and his lifelong friend and foe, the sea. Within the following paragraphs, it will be proven that the man needed the sea, that the two respected each other, and were very close. The old man respected the sea, unlike some of the younger, richer fishermen. They referred to the sea as a man. "...spoke of her as el mar which is masculine." (p.30) This was considered improper to the older fishermen, as it was spoken of like a place or a contestant. The old man always referred to the sea as a female, like a mother. "He always thought of the sea as la mar which is what people call her in Spanish when they love her." (p.29) He saw the sea as a woman, a woman that gave or withheld favors. She was unpredictable beacuse "The moon affects her as it does a woman." (p.30) The sea was like a second home for the man, who fished every day. La mar provided the man with food, a living, an enemy, and a friend. When he was out on the sea fishing, he was at home. The sea, la mar, was like his mother. The fish in the ocean were like his brothers and sisters. When he heard the dolphins playing in the night he thought, "They are good...they are our brothers like the flying fish." (p.48) He had almost reeled the giant marlin in when he realized what he was doing. "You are killing me, fish. But you have a right to. Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful...thing than you, brother." (p.92) Even as he ate the fish that he would catch, or as he killed scavengers trying to get the marlin, he was apologizing or talking to his "family". The old man saw the sea as a person, as a woman, and the fish were people, also. Thinking that way, he kept an open dialogue with his surroundings. Throughout the several days in which he tried to catch the marlin, he constantly spoke to it. He had just eaten a fish to get his strength back when he said, "How do you feel, fish?

Nutritional Study Worksheet Essay

Select one of the following topics to research: Coffee or caffeine Eggs Low-fat diets Low-carb diets Other nutrition topic approved by your instructor Research your topic using 2 nutrition articles that discuss your topic, but provide opposing viewpoints. Use the Internet, the University Library, or the search links provided in the Week 2 Electronic Reserve Readings to locate the articles. Write 50- to 200-word responses to each of the following questions based your findings. Use your own words and provide examples to support your answers. 1. What topic did you choose? Discuss the position of each of the two articles you selected. I choose eggs for this assignment. Each artlice talks about different nutritional value of eggs. For example one article focuses on how eggs can affect a persons hunger and in return help them maintain a healthy calorie count which can help them to maintain a healthier weight. The second article focused on how eggs are with cholesterol. 2. What health claims are stated in the articles, such as drinking coffee every day will lower one’s risk for cancer? The first article I read talked about eggs helping you control a hunger. They  claimed that eggs are healthier alternative to control your hunger. They did a study on a group od obese indiviuals who ate eggs with toast and low car jelly, and the second group ate a bagel with cream cheese and nonfat yogurt. Study showed that the group eating eggs was statisfied longer, which in return had them eating less. The second article I read talked about how eggs don’t affect your cholesterol. They had two diferent groups of healthy adults. The first group ate eggs for breakfast and the second group ate oatmeal. The study showed that eggs didn’t affect there cholestreal, it didn’t rise or lower it. 3. Do any of the articles’ claims seem too good to be true? Does it seem that the authors are seeking personal gain in any way? Explain your answers. I don’t think the articles seem to good to be true, they compared to different groups to one another to see if there hypothesis was either supported or not. They didn’t seem one sided, or trying to get personal gain from the statemetns. They were done by different schools, they were tring to better understand eggs, and the health of individuals. 4. What are the respective sources of these articles (testimonials, peer-reviewed study)? Both my articles were study completed by different schools such as Yale, and Saint Louis University. I would trust these sources the articles where put togethere by Science Letter Editors, â€Å"NewsRX†. So they were studies completed by different Universitys, which is how we obtain a great deal on other medical information. 5. Is the information presented in each article new or has it been studied extensively over time, achieving the same results? Both articles did there study over time. The first study about eggs affecting your hunger, they randomly separated the obese indiviuals in the study into two different groups had them eat the different breakfast meals prepared for the study. The study for the eggs affecting cholesterol as well was done  over time, they separated the healthy adults into two groups. They did mention in the article though that they did see the indivuals eating oatmeal had lower cholesterol. 6. Now that you have gone through the details of each article, do you have any reservations about the information in either one? If so, explain why. Has the process of analyzing the two articles changed your opinion on the topic? Explain your answer. I never thought much about eggs filling you more then other foods. I do eat eggs for breakfast I just don’t eat too much because I tend to get tired of them quickly. However I have heard things about how they affect your cholesterol, since I am young I am not concerned about my cholesterol levels. However now reading an article about a study that has been conducted I am informed so I can compare the knowledge I gained from it to other articles I may read in the future. Diet & nutrition; egg nutrition center-cofunded study indicates eggs for breakfast aid weight control. (2006). Science Letter, , 510. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/209128523?accountid=458 Diet & nutrition; study suggests that eggs may not contribute to heart disease in healthy adults. (2005). Science Letter, , 559. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/209238077?accountid=458

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Chick-fil-a case study Essay

facial expression at this case study, it re completelyy shows me how a ships companionship that has morals and beliefs can shut up make it in this warring environment. I am a huge Chick-fil-A devotee and am proud of them for standing by their beliefs. The types of merchandise strategies used by Chick-fil-A atomic number 18 substantial and completely different from every other eatery in the get together States. Chick-fil-As unique incorporated refining derives from Cathys Christian background and his inclination to inspire and influence people. The comp boths official statement of corporate occasion is to glorify God by creationness a faithful custodian of all that is entrusted to us and to conduct a positivist influence on all who suffer in contact with Chick-fil-A (Wilkinson, p.631).Another salmagundi of their market system that Chick-fil-A uses is their extensive corporate better-looking programs. The company has help iodinselfed thousands of restaurant e mployees, nurture children, and other young people through and through and through the WinShape Foundation that Cathy established in 1984 to help shape winners (Wilkinson, p.631). Their advertising is also a key role in their marketing schema, using the use up Mor Chikin campaign is one of the longest-running, and one of the most successful, advertising campaigns in the United States (Wilkinson, p.631).Chick-fil-As positioning strategy is a faith based and giving company that wants to help the community through charity. Their position on being shut on Sun twenty-four hourss is prove by their owners statement conjectureing, if it took seven day to make a living with a restaurant, then we needed to be in some other line of take (Wilkinson, p. 631). Being a wholesome company that wants to make a living preferably of making a fortune has been a bully successful position strategy for Chick-fil-A and is proven by their increase of gross revenue yearly.I do believe that being clos ed of sunshine is a competitive advantage for Chick-fil-A. One of the reasons why it is a competitive advantage is because Chick-fil-A is the only restaurant that is known for being closed on Sunday and I believe that doing that shows how family, Christian based the restaurant is and makes them appeal to a vast percentage of the United States. The reexamine in our class proved to me that them being closed on Sundays was a competitive advantage because the majority of my classmates said that it makes them want to eat Chick-fil-A on Mondays because they cant vex it on Sundays. Obviously it isnt a disadvantage because of the amount of gross sales that they had in 2005 with $1.975 billion in sales with forecasted sales of $3 billion by 2010 (Wilkinson, p. 631).I personally dont believe that any other restaurant in the industry should consider closing on Sundays. One of the reasons I say that is because they are the first company to do it and if any company was to follow they would be called copycats of Chick-fil-A and I believe that it wouldnt be a benefit for the company. The only substance that it might work for a company, it would set out to be a new company to the market and couldnt sell poulet or look anything like Chick-fil-A. in all probability in my opinion there isnt another retailer in any type of industry that could get off with being closed on Sunday without backlash. Since Chick-fil-A started this at the beginning of the company and have stuck to their guns on this and thats why they have had success with it, and honestly thats Chick-fil-As special thing for the industry and no one else could use it.Chick-fil-A is a great company and I hope that they keep on being a community steward and helping employees better themselves.Work CitedDr. J.B. Wilkinson (2011). Chick-fil-A Eat Mor Chikin (Except on Sunday). Retrieved from Basic Marketing- A marketing strategy planning approach

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

DEVELOPING STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP SKILLS Essay

DEVELOPING STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP SKILLS Essay

IntroductionLeadership and management, these are two words we use on daily basis. But the questions like how do we realise good leaders, what qualities, attitude, style and behaviour do they exhibit, are frequent. The ability to lead is not connected to education, although most leaders what are intelligent people. Many qualities required for a leader are also possessed by managers.Although it is unique to everyone there are a total number of common ways.I think, by developing our leadership skills, we are assured a more rewarding and successful career. There is no doubt that, leadership potential can be developed. With commitment, effort and practice, anybody can move beyond the skills you how are born with to be an excellent leader.â€Å"The most dangerous leadership myth is that leaders are born—that there is a genetic factor to leadership.Leadership differs to direction.

Bennis. Globalisation has resulted in diversity. To maximise contribution, each organisation and its managers are now challenged with creating inclusive cold working environment. They need to understand effective leadership style and culture to build trust and effective relationship.There are various means of considering leadership, that vary extract from focusing on the character traits of leadership that is excellent to highlighting facets of the scenario that help determine how folks lead.The strategies how that were effective yesterday are not necessarily effective in the same situation today†-QuinnLook more:  strategic management process essayIn order to face the growing competition in the market, it is very urgent for organisations to build potential leader. Developing strategic management and leadership skills should be a part of organisations’ actions.1.1 Explain the link between strategic management wired and leadership Strategic Management consists of t he analysis of any organisation, decision making and necessary actions in order to create and sustain competitive advantages.It is merely one of many other assets a thriving manager must possess.

Usually it is considered as the responsibility for the overall direction of the organization sums up what strategic management is all about. It can consider also define as the process of identifying and executing the organisation’s strategic goals (mission, vision and objectives) by matching its capabilities with the demand of its environment.Strategic senior management contains a set of managerial decisions. Leadership is the ability of a person to get other willingly to follow.Its something which is accomplished when a individual motivates individuals in a group.Equally, a good leader free will also be a manager. Majority of practical people are interested primarily in what they have to do, and not whether it should be labelled ‘leadership’ or ‘management’ or both. â€Å"It is very true that I have said that I considered Napoleon’s presence in the field equal to forty thousand other men in the balance† —Duke of Wellington. Difference between strategic management and leadershipManagement| Leadership|Intended to plan, organize, co-ordinate and evaluate| Job is to inspire and motivate| management administrate the organisation| Leaders innovate | senior Management tries to maintain the organisation| Leaders tries to develop| Focused on system and structure| Focuses on people|They focus on the present situation | They look towards future| React to problems logical and issues| Proactive to issues and problem| Prefer to control| Knows how to delegate|Minimising risk| Taking risk|  There are thousands of examples for leaders in the world.Leadership and top management arent synonymous.

2 Analysis of impact of management and leadership styles on strategic decision There are different leadership and management styles. Different various styles work well in different situations. They are based on different assumptions and theories. Strategic decisions taken by leaders depend upon their style.Leaders that are supportive understand and good sense women and men feel.2. Democratic styleThe leader involves employees in the decision making. This kind of style is usually appreciated by the employees or subordinate. how This style would bring problems in a situation where there are wide ranges of opinion and there is no well-defined way of taking the first final decision.They also need to make sure they manage change effectively.

Transactional leadershipThe assumption behind this kind of leadership is that people how are motivated by rewards and an organisation work well with a clear chain of command. This kind of leader works thorough creating all clear structures. Subordinates duty  will be well defined and also the reward they get for following the orders. Punishments are not always mentioned, but they how are also well-understood and formal systems of discipline are usually in place.Your leaders are the best factor on your companys capability.Transformational leaderThis style is based on the assumption deeds that employees will follow a leader who motivates them and a person with vision and passion can achieve anything. Transformation strong leadership start with the development of a vision, a view and path to future. That will excite and converter the employees. Transformational religious leaders are so committed always.Youre a pioneer, even in case you dont know it.

Understanding the situation 3. Applying appropriate skills and techniques.Leaders having different styles empty can have different levels of key elements. So the way and level in which they identify their personality can differ."Every leader has a certain style of political leadership thats innate.Especially when a strategic decision needs to made quickly. The impact of this style is for many people, this style feels harsh, a first great possibility of demotivation. Rest of people  assured leader can demonstrate consideration and compassion for team while using the Autocratic style, even though the team is not directly involved in the decision. There are situations in which leader wants input from employees or teams.Leaders are common now.

There is a more common thought that leaders who listen considerately to their follower’s opinion before making final decision get good result as compared to non-listeners. In the case of democratic style, the leader gives up ownership and control of a decision and allows the group to vote. Advantage of this own style is fairly fast decision, and an amount of group participation. No organisation or leader can implement a single style to deal with the multitude of decision that needs to be made during change process (Nancy, 2007).It could mean the folks who own and short run the company.Charismatic leadership style got few drawbacks. The complaint against Lord Browne was administration by media and business associates fuelled his charismatic new style and he ignored day to day core business activities.1.3 How leadership styles can be adopted to different situations? Success of an political organisation or a group dependent on the effectiveness of the leader.When employees are empowered theyre more prone to make decisions which are at the very best interest of the particular client and the organization also.

Leaders must be up to date of the situations. Leaders must be prepared to step in and show the way in all kind of situations.Different style can be adapted to different situations in relation to 1. Business- situations 2.Are such far more likely to reveal their very own loyalty the moment it matters.We know that high risk situation needs very strong and active direct involvement by the leader to keep it control. The people or team members: – In every organisation, there will have different different kind of employees or members.Differ by characters, talents, skills, attitude etc. identifying the team members is a tough task.IT leadership theory Learn the best way to be.

He made a resolution to transform GE into one of the world biggest firm. With his unique leadership style and character, Welch made history during his 2-decade journey at GE. His way of leading was based on some concepts. Lead, not manage:- according to him political leadership can be found in as long as they come up with good ideas and can energize rather than depress and control.Face reality: – good company was losing its market values and there was too much bureaucracy when Jack Welch joined the company. He realised the social realities and brought out strategies and  initiatives that made things better. Simplify the business: – his goal at GE was simplify the business. He didn’t think deeds that business had to be complicated.It can mean opportunities, good ideas, new business or new products (kevin, 2007). Lead by more energizing others, not managing by authority: – Welch called his leadership ideal ‘boundary less’, which means an open organization, free of bureaucracy logical and anything that prevents the free flow of ideas, people and decisions (kevin, 2007). His choice was inspiring others to perform well. red Lead by doing- one of the leadership style adapted by GEInformation technology is critical to the future of GE.The basic assumption behind the theory is that individual characteristics’ make how them suitable leaders only in certain situations. Each situation requires a leader to vary behaviour to fit the conditions. In other words, there is no right or wrong way in leading all the time. Fred Fiedler’s contingency theoryIn 1967, Fred Fiedler proposed his contingency theory.

According to Fielder, the direct relationship oriented style is more effective in situations which are intermediate in favourableness. When an intermediate situation is present, the leader can self help to build confidence and cohesion by focusing on the personal needs of the individuals (Henman, 2007). Hersey and Blanchard theoryIt is another situational theory. This economic theory was introduced 10 year after Fiedler’s theory.That is, followers are not mature or immature in any total or chronological sense; rather, they have varying degrees of maturity depending on knowledge of or experience with a specific goal (Henman, 2007). Leader-style theoryThis theory was introduced by Vroom and Yetton. They explain the different ways leader can make decisions and necessary following guidelines for leader in order to determine the extent to which subordinate should participated in decision making. Charismatic leadershipCharisma, as explained by Max Weber, is a certain good qual ity of individual personality, by virtue of which he or she is apart from ordinary people and treated as a personality with exceptional power or qualities.An effective leader needs to diagnose the needs and wants of followers and then react accordingly.The impact of different theories of management on organisational strategy will be different. giant IBM needs extraordinary leaders who can create high-performance work climates and foster employee engagement; people who not only succeed but enable others to as well. A disciplined process of identifying and developing high achievers and leaders has been a main stone of IBM’s strategy to regain market political leadership in the IT industry.As Fiedler explained, task oriented leaders are very effective when conditions are favourable or unfavourable. When conditions are favourable, members relations how are strong, there is a positive relation between team and leader. Hence new strategies can bring and work it out well so easily. In unfavourable certain circumstances or in stressful situations, a leader’s structure and control can remove undesirable ambiguity and the anxiety that goes with it.

2.2 Create a leadership strategy that support organisational direction Leadership strategy for General ElectricsThe General Electric Company, or GE, is an American multinational conglomerate corporation incorporated in New York. Company operates in five sectors via energy, technology infrastructure, capital finance, consumer andindustrial.It old has been almost a decade since Jack Welch retired as GE’s chairman and CEO, the brain behind the success of GE.If we consider their way in which they lead, and how their decisions, it is clear that they preferred transformational leadership style. Even though both used the same style, Jack Welch had been more opposite extreme than his successor. Leadership strategy: – choosing a best leadership style is the major step in leadership strategy. Leadership at company such like GE is very crucial.It is concerned with emotions, values, ethics, standards, and long-term goals and includes assessing followers’ motives, satis fying their needs, and treating them as full human beings†- (Northouse). The reason behind the selection of this leadership style is this style motivates the followers. The leader and followers are full well aligned in this system. A transformational leader can motivate the followers by setting challenging goals.We have seen the different leadership style and their impact on organisation. Even though, no particular leadership style is better always. It depends on the situations. The best style GE can use is transformational leadership because of based its unique advantages.

The leaders should have collective capabilities like providing direction, motivate the followers, engaging employees in decision making and to gain their active support in implementing planned cross-functional actions, implementing successful innovations, adapting to change, ensuring transparency just like former leaders, developing talents logical and being responsive to customers like Jeffrey Immlet. Since the corporate strategy is becoming more global, it require greater cultural sensitivity among leaders, enhanced representation of different geographies at top level, enhanced language skills to enable cross cultural relationships and greater understanding of local laws and business arrangement in strategy making.3.1 Use appropriate different methods to review current leadership requirement We know the important of leaders.These programs build perfect foundation for accelerating  learning and development in a particular domain, from commercial to operations, from human res ources to information management, from finance and communications to modern technology (GE, Leadership Programs, 2013).There are more than 300,000 employees in GE. The company operates through different sector. GE consistently ranks as the most admired and respected new company in the world.CEO of GE believes that ideal situation for a global firm was to have its factory on a barge that you could first move around the world to wherever it was the best competitive environment at the time. Their strategy is to expand business globally, instead of just looking for alliances.Fast moving anti Globalisation opens new opportunities for a global firm like GE. Hence leadership requirement at GE is tremendous.But they need leaders not only in quantity great but also in quality.3.2 Plan for the development of future situations requiring leadership Requirement of leaders in the GE increases. Leaders are logical not only required in the top level but also in the various bottom levels also.

Leadership Programs: – GE has various leadership programs. As part of their strategy to achieve commercial excellence and drive organic growth, they are developing a pipeline of strong sales logical and marketing leaders at GE through  the Commercial Leadership Program (CLP).CLP offers a curriculum that boosts the development of commercial skills and various techniques that are critical to success in all GE businesses. CLP prepares candidates for a successful career in sales or first commercial operations by providing the opportunity to learn about GE’s products, industry, and customers while making valuable contributions to the on-going success of GE.As compared to their profit growth, they need more to build leadership qualities in their employees. Human resource leadership program: – In GE’s Human Resources Leadership Program people are gaining real-world business experience, contributing to GE businesses and getting in first line for HR leaders hip roles across the company.HRLPs can build countless HR leaders within GE. Experienced commercial leadership programs: – The Experienced Commercial Leadership Program (ECLP) prepares time MBA graduates and experienced professionals for GE leadership roles in marketing and sales.But under certain specific condition, they need specific skills. The more basic skill required for leaders are explained below.Integrity: – this is the basic quality of a leader. This quality makes people trust the leader.They can speak openly logical and accurately about their limitations. Self-regulation: – People who are in control of their feelings and sudden  temptation are able to create an environment of public trust and fairness. Appropriate self-regulators are usually thoughtful and resist making impulsive decisions. These are definite qualities of a good leader.

Communication skills: – to deliver leader’s idea properly, private communication skill is very necessary. A good communicator can pay attention and listen carefully. Lead by example: – One of the best ways to red lead is by example – use where needed, lending a helping hand, and making sure that the work you do is clearly understood by apply your team. Leadership skills strataplex: –Leadership skill requirements are often described as being stratified by organizational level.They are comprised of those skills related to basic cognitive capacities, such as collecting, processing, and disseminating information and learning and are the fundamental skills required for a large portion of the activities in which political leaders are engaged (Mumford, 2007) .These skills include skills like oral communication, written communication, ability to learn and adapt etc. 2. Interpersonal SkillsThese are skill relating to interacting keyword with and influe ncing others.Strategic SkillsStrategic skill requirements are highly conceptual skills needed to take a systems perspective to understand complexity, deal with ambiguity, and to  effect political influence in the organization (Mumford, 2007). This includes skills for planning, visioning etc. â€Å"Leaders are not born, they are grown†- this is the word by the heavenly father of management, Peter Drucker. Leadership ability is not an inborn skill most times.1. Entry level program or Commercial leadership program (CLP) is an example for it. The CLP is a 12 to 24 month program that develops marketing and sales skills through a strong very core curriculum and challenging assignments. 2.

The ECLP program consists of three, eight-month rotational assignments within the marketing and sales functions of one of GE’s businesses (GE, Experienced Program, 2013).4. normal Operation management Leadership program (OMLP): OMLP accelerates development of entry-level talent and produces leaders capable of meeting the challenges facing the Operations, Supply Chain, Manufacturing logical and Quality functions at GE (GE, Entry level program, 2013).4.Commercial leadership program (CLP) provides candidates with valuable training, personal experience and exposure to a team of motivated colleagues and helpful mentors that can accelerate their careers. HRLP (Human Resource Leadership program) has created countless generations of HR leaders at GE. The program continues today and still focuses on taking talented people, providing forgive them with globally diverse challenging experiences, and developing them into world-class HR leaders. Candidates will have formal training, ro tation, seminars, business molecular simulations and community service activities.Another way of developing leadership skills is to get familiar with your followers. It will great help you in understanding their feelings and their needs, which in turn will help you in managing preventing their needs. Different plan for the development leadership skills includes conducting seminar, training programs, meetings, job rotations etc.ConclusionThis assignment is used to explain the important link between strategic management and leadership.Style should be adapted according to the business situation, team members and culture of the organisation. Different leadership theories are discussed in the assignment. Situational theories and contingency theories have been applied. The situations in which different theories can be applied are explained.

In this competitive world, organisation best can only sustain if and only if they can bring strong leaders.There are different ways of enhancing the leadership skills for future requirements. And there should be a plan of developing these skills. The new plan should cover all the current and  future needs for leadership and is helpful in the overall progress of the organization.Leadership style : A powerful model. TJ. Derue, S. (2011).Entry level program. Retrieved 2013, from www.ge.com: http://www.Retrieved may 5, 2013, from www.ge.com: http://www.ge.

ge.com: http://www.ge.com/careers/culture/university-students/experienced-commercial-leadership-program/india GE.com: http://www.ge.com/careers/culture/university-students/experienced-commercial-leadership-program/india GE. (2013).ge.com/careers/culture/university-students/information-technology-leadership-program/india GE. (2013, January 1). Leadership Programs.com/in/careers/leadership_program/index.html Goleman, D. (2004). Leadership That Gets Result.